Role of Enzymes and Enzyme Modulators in the Treatment of Diseases

The enzymes are mostly proteins and are natural biocatalysts; they catalyze many anabolic and catabolic specific chemical reactions without itself undergoing any change in overall reaction. The temperature, pH, concentration of substrates and enzymes can affect their actions. The enzymes are useful in digestion, coagulation, tissue repair and numerous other life essential processes. The enzyme modulators are groups in two i.e. enzyme inhibitors and enzyme activators, bounds to enzymes either reversibly or irreversibly. The enzyme inhibitors are the molecules that correct a metabolic imbalance by reducing enzymatic activity, like selegiline inhibit MAO enzyme, decreases the metabolism of dopamine in brain and useful in the treatment of B depression and other panic disorders. However, the enzyme activators enhance enzymatic activity, such as tissue plasminogens activators activate the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin that digests fibrin, fibrinogen and other proteins and equally important to treat complicated diseases of heart.